Magnetic chuck is a modern devices commonly used instrument and control unit of equipment in industry. This kind of control unit of machine and equipment mainly adopts the principle of magnetic force. Through the magnetic conductive panel, the workpiece that is in contact with the surface of the panel is tightly sucked. The current magnetic chuck replaces many complicated fixtures, profit mechanical fixtures, etc. The magnetic chuck has gradually replaced the fixture in the traditional sense. Due to its characteristics, the magnetic chuck makes processing more convenient, can process multiple sides of top plate, and simplifies the process.

Types of Magnetic Chucks

Magnetic chucks are specially used for the adsorption and fixation of ferromagnetic substances, most of which are used in machining operations and other fields. Machine tool accessories that use the chucks and suction to clamp workpieces. The most commonly used suction cup is a magnetic suction cup, which is generally rectangular or disc-shaped. It uses magnetic force to suck ferromagnetic workpieces tightly, and is used for surface grinders, but is suitable also for milling machines and lathes, CNC machine , machining centers, etc.

According to the source of magnetic force, the suction cup can be divided into Three types: electromagnetic chucks and permanent magnetic flux chucks and electro permanent and magnetic flux chuck.

Electromagnetic Chucks:

Electromagnetic chucks are multiple sets of coils in the body, and the direct current is connected to generate a magnetic field to suck the workpiece tightly; when electrical power from the other power supply is too strong direct current is cut off, the magnetic field disappears and the clamping the workpiece is released.

As direct energy passes through the coil, the core is magnetically heated creating magnetic fields. An instrument controls or activates magnetic field activation and deactivation. The holding force, therefore, depends on its size depending on the piece. This Chuck has more power in comparison with permanent magnet Chucks and allows for the holding of irregularly sized work pieces, resulting in uneven loading distribution in different applications. This switch is powered on and turned off using the outlet power.

Permanent Magnetic Chuck:

There are permanent magnets arranged neatly in the body and separated by non-magnetic materials. When the permanent magnets are aligned with the magnetic conductors on the suction cup panel, the magnetic force lines pass through the workpiece to form a closed loop, and the whole workpiece is sucked tightly; when the handle is turned to make the permanent magnet. Staggered with the magnetizer, the magnetic line of force no longer passes through the workpiece, and the workpiece can be unloaded.

A permanent magnetic chuck comprises magnetic elements arranged oppositely on the sleeves and the plate surface. It triggers e.g. deactivates magnetic fields by swaying the cylinder into and out of the case. They're much more easily operated because it doesn't involve electricity or resizing the jawline. They have a closed structure, which prevents wear and damage while decreasing maintenance requirements. They are also welded onto any work surface to improve clamping technique allowing easy assembly of the clamps. These chucks however do not have any capacity to adjust the strength of the holding force and thus can only hold heavy work pieces.

Electro Permanent Magnetic Chucks

Electro permanent magnetic chucks refers to a sucker that relies on electric power on permanent magnetic steel to generate suction, uses an electromagnetic excitation coil to the electric current, control the suction of air gap the magnetic steel, and acts as a suction switch.

Magnetic Pole Technology

Magnetic chuck consists of multiple magnet poles. The more poles contact one piece, the stronger magnetic force. A magnetic radial pole is a round chuck for work pieces requiring rotation during machining processes. They have radial-oriented magnets separated by steel sections. Design tip: Larger pole distances produce a deeper magnetic field effect, making thinner work pieces easier to work with. For selecting the pole shape, consider the application (grind-mill, drilled, edm and ect.) as well as its shape or size range.

What is the Principle of Magnetic Chuck?

The principle of magnetic chuck is based on the fact that a ferromagnetic material (i.e., one with magnetic properties) will be attracted to a magnet when placed in close proximity. Magnetic chucks are designed to use this effect for clamping and holding work pieces during machining processes such as grinding, milling, and drilling.

A typical magnetic chuck consists of an electromagnet, a plate, and a controller. The electromagnet creates the magnetic field which attracts the ferromagnetic work piece. The plate provides the surface on which the work is clamped and held in place by holding force of the magnetism. The controller can be used to adjust the holding force because of attraction and switch it off when holding force is not required. Magnetic chucks are designed to be used on a variety of machines for machined components, including lathes, milling machines, and drill presses.

Contact area Between the Workpiece and Chuck

When considering contact surfaces, the the workpiece size and chuck surface need consideration. It may be small to large. Generally a chuck has a small spacing between the magnetic block and the plate's base. These magnets have two types magnetic poles, finepole magnet and minorpole permanent magnet one. Likewise a chuck geometry with larger spacing provides consistent magnetic forces on the materials surface. Therefore a arrangement of good neodymium magnets would be better than using one large magnetic chuck. When playing the tool in the chuck, the work piece must remain right oriented and flush with the chuck surface.

What are magnetic chucks most commonly used on?

Round magnetic chuck or clamping force is a common clamping force used for production installations working ferromagnetic metal at carousel grinding mills and lathes. These ring bearing surface grinding machines are used for machining and grinding of cylinder shaped or circular parts in wind turbines.

What is the on and off of magnetic chuck?

Magnetic chuck activation is accomplished by manually turning the keys in electromagnetic chuck in and out of positions. During operation permanent magnetic chuck, the chuck magnets are constantly active but magnet flux is retained in the chuck until the electromagnetic power supply in chuck is turned off.

When choosing a magnetic chuck, the following factors need to be considered:

Size and shape of the workpieces of the suction cup: The size and shape of the workpieces of the suction cup should match the size and shape of the workpiece to ensure that the suction cup can be firmly adsorbed on the workpiece.

Suction: Suction is one of the most important performance indicators of a suction cup. The greater the suction, the heavier the workpiece will be absorbed, but excessive suction will also cause deformation or damage to the surface grinding the workpiece. Therefore, when choosing a magnetic chuck, it is necessary to choose one pole with an appropriate suction force according to actual needs.

Magnetism: Magnetism is an important factor affecting the magnitude of suction. In general, the stronger the magnetism, the higher sensitivity the greater the suction. However, too strong magnetism can also cause deformation or permanent damage to the workpiece.

Working environment: When choosing a magnetic chuck, you also need to consider the working environment. For example, if there is strong electromagnetic interference in the working environment, it is necessary to choose a magnetic chuck with strong anti-interference ability.

Material: The material of the magnetic chuck is also an important factor affecting its performance. Generally speaking, magnetic chucks made of stainless steel are more durable and have better corrosion resistance.