China's steady-state strong magnetic field experimental device consists of five water-cooled magnets, four superconducting magnets, a hybrid magnet, and a series of peripheral experimental measurement systems. “In the past few decades, there have been many original achievements made under strong magnetic fields. Among them, 19 have won the Nobel Prize. Strong magnetic field conditions are also known as the cradle of the Nobel Prize.” CPPCC National Committee member, steady-state strong magnetic field He Guangli, head of the experimental device and director of the Hefei Institute of Physical Science at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, said.
There are also some unique and exquisite designs in this device. For example, the world's first scanning tunneling microscope - magnetic microscope - atomic force microscope combined microscope was built. The system is installed on the 200,000 Gauss superconducting magnets, and the materials can be characterized and studied. Xu Guangli said that, graphically speaking, this is to put three kinds of microscopes on the tip of the needle.
The team also built the world's first water-cooled magnet scanning tunneling microscope system. Because of the insufficient magnetic field provided by superconducting magnets, in order to detect the surface electronic state in an ultra-high magnetic field, a water-cooled magnet hybrid magnet must be used. However, the water-cooled magnets cool the magnets by the flow of water, and they will have a great vibration of the water during operation, which has a great influence on the measurement of the atomic scale. “We have overcome this problem and opened up the ‘virgin lands’ for researchers to observe under scanning tunneling microscopy in a strong magnetic field.” Yan Guangli said.
Last September, China’s steady-state strong magnetic field experimental device was officially completed and passed acceptance. According to briefings, to date, more than 1600 task forces from over 170 user units have conducted scientific research on this device and have produced some original scientific results.
On Hefei Science Island, the world’s second steady-state strong magnetic field experimental device is running. At present, the steady-state strong magnetic field generates a magnetic field strength of 429,000 gauss, which is equivalent to 800,000 times of the earth's magnetic field.
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