A new experimental finding, led by researchers at the University of Minnesota, shows that Ru's chemical elements are the fourth element with unique magnetic properties at room temperature. This discovery can be used to improve sensors, computer memory and logic industry equipment, or other devices that use magnetic materials. The use of ferromagnetism, or the basic mechanism by which certain materials (such as iron) form permanent magnets or are attracted by magnets, can be traced back to ancient times when magnets were used for navigation. Since then, only three elements on the periodic table have been found to be ferromagnetic in room temperature iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni). The rare earth element gadolinium (Gd) loses almost 8 degrees Celsius.

This illustration shows how a positive phase of Ru was forced to use ultra-thin film growth methods. Photo: University of Minnesota, Quarterman et al, Nature Communications

Magnetic materials are very important in industrial and modern technology. It is used in basic research and many everyday applications such as sensors, motors, generators, hard disk media, and more recently spin memories. As the growth of thin films has improved over the past few decades, it has the ability to control the lattice structure of crystals - even those that are impossible in nature. This new study shows that Ru can be the fourth single element ferromagnetic material, using ultra-thin films to promote the ferromagnetic phase. The study was published in the most recent issue of the Nature News. The main author of the paper is Patrick Quarterman, a recent doctoral student at the University of Minnesota. He is a National Research Council (NRC) Postdoctoral Fellow at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).

Professor Robert F. Hartmann of the University of Minnesota said: Magnetism is always amazing. It once again proves itself. We are very excited and we are very grateful to be able to be the first experiment to prove and add the fourth ferromagnetic element to the experimental group of the periodic table. This is an exciting but difficult problem. It took us about two years to find the right way to "plant" this material and verify it. This work will excite the magnetic research community and study the fundamental aspects of many well-known elemental magnetisms. Other members of the group also stressed the importance of this work. Paul Voyles, co-author of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, said: “The ability to manipulate and characterize matter at the atomic scale is the cornerstone of modern information technology. Professor Wang's teamwork at the University of Minnesota shows that even in the simplest systems, these tools can find new things, including a single element.

Industry partners agree that cooperation is the key to innovation

This high-resolution electron microscope image confirms the square phase of Ru predicted by the study author. Photo: University of Minnesota, Quarterman et al, Nature Communications

Ian A. Young, senior fellow and director of Intel Corporation, said: Intel is pleased with its long-term research cooperation with the University of Minnesota and C-SPIN. We are very happy to share these developments by exploring the quantum effects of materials. May provide insight into innovative energy-saving logic and memory devices. Other industry leaders agree that this discovery will have an impact on the semiconductor industry. The importance of spintronics to the semiconductor industry is rapidly increasing, said Todd Younkin, head of the DARPA-sponsored Semiconductor Research Consortium (SRC). The fundamental progress made in the understanding of magnetic materials, as demonstrated by Prof. Wang and his team in this study, is crucial to achieving continuous breakthroughs in computing performance and efficiency.

New technologies require novel materials

In data storage technology, magnetic recording still dominates, but magnetic-based random access memory and computing began to replace it. These magnetic memories and logic devices impose additional constraints on the magnetic materials, data storage and calculations compared to traditional hard disk media magnetic materials. This push for new materials has rekindled interest in making predictions that indicate that non-ferromagnetic materials such as Ru, palladium, and ruthenium will become ferromagnetic under appropriate conditions. According to existing theoretical predictions, researchers at the University of Minnesota use seed layer engineering to force the positive phase of Ru, which prefers hexagonal structures, and observes ferromagnetic first in individual elements at room temperature. Examples.

The crystal structure and magnetic material are characterized by collaboration with the Minnesota Characterization Facility and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin. The researchers said: This study opens the door for basic research on this new type of ferromagnetic Ru. From an application point of view, Ru is interesting because it is antioxidant, and other theoretical predictions suggest that it has high thermal stability—an important requirement for magnetic memory. Research on this high temperature stability is the focus of ongoing research at the University of Minnesota.

Web Site: www.greatmagtech.com      www.gme-magnet.com 

         : www.precastconcretemagnet.com

sales02@greatmagtech.com